= Norman Library 1713: "The first printing of Planck's quantum theory, marking the dividing line between classical and modern physics". Particle movement had previously been described in terms of classical mechanics (cf. Newton, Leibnitz). In order to account for non-continuous energy pulses or bursts of action observed during his own experiments, Planck developed the idea of the energy quantum and introduced the "Planck constant" to calculate a particle's energy level. In 1918, Planck received the Nobel prize for his work on quantum theory. Dibner 166; DSB Horblit 26a; PMM 391a.

BOUND WITH: Idem. Ueber eine Verbesserung der Wien'schen Spectralgleichung. Ibid., idem, 1900, 202-204p. - AND WITH: Idem. Ein vermeintlicher Widerspruch des magneto-optischen Faradayeffectes mit der Thermodynamik. Ibid., idem, 1900, 206-210p.